It has a thick, turbulent atmosphere with swirling storms producing winds of supersonic speed, and lightning arcs that dwarf the puny sparks we have on Earth.
Alternate bands of wind circulate the planet in opposite directions, producing amazing transient whirlwinds, and the inexplicably stationary Great Red Spot.
Electric winds occur when an electric field potential exists that motivates ionic species in the air to move.
電気的風は、空気中のイオン種が移動する動機となる電界電位が存在する場合に発生します。
Positive ionic species are drawn in one direction, and negative ions and free electrons are drawn in the opposite direction, as dictated by the polarity of the electric field.
If the wind occurs in the atmosphere surrounding a planet, the winds will circumnavigate the globe in alternating bands in a direction transverse to the magnetic polarity of the planet.
The “electrodes” are nodal regions where current flows through the planet’s atmospheric sheath and crust.
この「電極」達は、電流が惑星の大気の鞘と地殻を通って流れる節点領域です。
That is why they appear at certain latitudes.
そのため、特定の緯度で表示されます。
Uni-polar winds mix in whirlwinds at these “electrodes.”
単極構造風は、これらの「電極」で旋風に混じります。
The mixing of ions results in a plasma, where, with much condensation, violent arcing, and swirling, they electrically adhere to form molecular bonds and precipitate.
The primary electrodes in a planetary circuit are around the magnetic poles, and the evidence of the electric field strength is in the glow-mode currents called aurora.
[Aurora provide visual evidence of electric currents coursing through Earth’s atmosphere.
オーロラは、地球の大気を流れる電流の視覚的な証拠を提供します。]
Another type of “electrode” is an accumulation of charge density from a volcanic eruption, where discharges internal to the crust expel huge volumes of charged pyroclastic dust into the atmosphere and spread hot magma across the land.
Another “electrode” is produced where the planet’s electromagnetic field produces regions of high flux from cosmic rays, driven by stellar winds or perhaps some other motivating force.
Charged particles spiral down magnetic lines of flux and charge the crustal surface, creating electrode spots.
荷電粒子は磁束の磁力線をらせん状に下って、地殻表面を帯電させ、電極スポットを作成します。
In every case, discharge follows the geometry of a plasmoid Earth, where the “Blue Marble” we live on is just a bubble, or drop of matter encapsulated in an electric circuit.
A planet with an active electromagnetic field will form a spherical layer of capacitance in its atmosphere and crust through which loops of magnetic flux will induce ring currents to flow transversely through the layers.
[Earth’s currents have many loops passing through the atmosphere and crust producing ring currents.
地球の電流には、大気と地殻を通過する多くのループがあり、リング(環)電流を生成します。]
A ring current is the simplest form of circuit.
リング電流は最も単純な回路形式です。
In Nature, where there are no insulated wires to guide current flow, ring currents form naturally.
電流の流れを導く絶縁電線がない自然界では、リング電流が自然に形成されます。
Unlike a Birkeland current in space, where current flows from one body to another along the electric field between them, a ring current simply circulates on itself.
Any change in the external electric field causes a response internally, because the internal electric field acts like a mirror, reflecting a feedback response.
The mirroring effect is caused by capacitance because if charge builds on one plate of a capacitor, the other plate responds by building an equal and opposite charge.
Because Earth is a sphere, each capacitor plate of the sphere has a bigger area, as a function of radius, so there can never be two layers with equal charge density across equal areas.
The ionized atmosphere of the sun produces ray-gun like currents, whereas partial plasma atmospheres like Earth and Jupiter produce more diffuse hydrodynamic currents we see as wind and clouds.
As in the Sun, the interior Earth layers have less area, so as charge accumulates by induction, it develops greater charge density in the ground and must shed current outward through the atmosphere.
In a storm on Earth, the ambient electric field reverses, from a 200 kV “clear weather” current flowing outward, to a 500 MV current aimed at the ground.
But if we generate the same amount of current in the wire by induction, by passing a magnet through the ring, the current at any two points may be different, even though the sum of all current in the wire still adds to one amp.
The induced current may be different where the wire’s contact with the magnetic field is weaker, but elsewhere in the ring the magnetic field will be diametrically stronger and generate current that makes up the difference.
On Earth, current rings formed by the geomagnetic field also display this inductive behavior, developing a severe storm at one leg while doing nothing at the other.
It also allows direct current inputs from induction to become alternating currents, as currents in a ring will oscillate as charge stores and discharges in the capacitance of the system.
「Ring currents form along Earth’s magnetic field lines. Secondary current is induced through and around loops where they pass through layers of the atmosphere.
「Currents in the atmosphere induce currents in the ground along magnetic field lines.
大気中の電流は、磁力線に沿って地面に電流を誘導します。」
「Induced current patterns Earth’s surface with regions of varying electric potential.
誘導電流は、電位が変化する領域で地球の表面をパターン化します。」
[Ring currents
– coronal loops
– govern weather patterns across the globe.
リングカレント(環電流)
–コロナル(冠状)ループは、
–世界中の気象パターンを管理します。]
Weather forms where currents pass through the atmosphere and crust.
気象は、電流が大気と地殻を通過する場所で形成されます。
A whirlpool of mixing plasma forms storms where current draws-up channels of air and positively charge ions.
混合プラズマの渦が嵐を形成し、そこで電流が空気のチャネルを吸い上げ、イオンを正に帯電させます。
Coronal loops generate winds as ionic matter follows electric fields, dragging bulk air mass with it.
イオン性物質が電場をたどり、大量の気団を引きずりながら、コロナル(冠)状ループが風を発生させます。
Ultimately, the winds form jet-streams that must thread in three dimensions through the inflow/outflow, updraft/downdraft regions formed by coronal loops, like rope wound into a knot.
If one also includes spherical geometry, as in the capacitance of planetary circuits, then it becomes simple deduction that the geometry results in higher charge concentration inside Earth than outside and will produce these kinds of waves.
So waves like this form naturally, consistently, and unavoidably.
したがって、このような波は自然に、一貫して、そして不可避的に形成されます。
And that results in ring currents
— coronal loops, magnetic field lines inducing current
— call it what you like.
そしてそれはリングカレント(環電流)をもたらします
—コロナル(冠状)ループ、電流を誘導する磁力線
—好きなように呼んでください。
It’s electric.
それは、電気的です。
In Part 3 we’ll see how ring currents produce storms on Jupiter and Earth and how they progress in fractal elements from a common thunderstorm to The Great Red Spot on Jupiter.
Additional Resources by Andrew Hall:
YouTube Playlists through 4-2022:
Andrew Hall — EU Geology and Weather
Andrew Hall — Eye of the Storm Episodes (13)
Surface Conductive Faults | Thunderblog
Arc Blast — Part One | Thunderblog
Arc Blast — Part Two | Thunderblog
Arc Blast — Part Three | Thunderblog
The Monocline | Thunderblog
The Maars of Pinacate, Part One | Thunderblog
The Maars of Pinacate, Part Two | Thunderblog
Nature’s Electrode | Thunderblog
The Summer Thermopile | Thunderblog
Tornado — The Electric Model | Thunderblog
Lightning-Scarred Earth, Part 1 | Thunderblog
Lightning-Scarred Earth, Part 2 | Thunderblog
Sputtering Canyons, Part 1 | Thunderblog
Sputtering Canyons, Part 2 | Thunderblog
Sputtering Canyons, Part 3 | Thunderblog
Eye of the Storm, Part 1 | Thunderblog
Andrew Hall is a natural philosopher, engineer, and writer. A graduate of the University of Arizona’s Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering College, he spent thirty years in the energy industry. He has designed, consulted, managed and directed the construction and operation of over two and a half gigawatts of power generation and transmission, including solar, gasification, and natural gas power systems. From his home in Arizona, he explores the mountains, canyons, volcanoes, and deserts of the American Southwest to understand and rewrite an interpretation of Earth’s form in its proper electrical context. Andrew was a speaker at the EU2016 and EU2017 conferences.
He can be reached at hallad1257@gmail.com or thedailyplasma.blog
The proposed theories are the sole ideas of the author, as a result of observation, experience in shock and hydrodynamic effects, and deductive reasoning. The author makes no claims that this method is the only way mountains or other geological features are created.
The ideas expressed in Thunderblogs do not necessarily express the views of T-Bolts Group Inc or The Thunderbolts ProjectTM.
開示:
提案された理論は、観察、衝撃および流体力学的効果の経験、および演繹的推論の結果として、著者の唯一のアイデアである。著者は、この方法が山やその他の地質学的特徴が作られる唯一の方法であると主張していません。
Thunderblogsで表明されたアイデアは、必ずしもT-Bolts Group IncまたはThe Thunderbolts ProjectTMの見解を表現しているわけではありません。